ASCII Table

ASCII table

Search by character, number or name. Control characters show the Ctrl-key that sends them, which explains why Ctrl-C is 3 and Ctrl-D is 4.

Character, code or name

Dec	Hex	Oct	Binary	Char	Name	Ctrl	HTML	URL
0	00	000	00000000	NUL	Null	^@		%00
1	01	001	00000001	SOH	Start of heading	^A		%01
2	02	002	00000010	STX	Start of text	^B		%02
3	03	003	00000011	ETX	End of text (Ctrl-C)	^C		%03
4	04	004	00000100	EOT	End of transmission (Ctrl-D)	^D		%04
5	05	005	00000101	ENQ	Enquiry	^E		%05
6	06	006	00000110	ACK	Acknowledge	^F		%06
7	07	007	00000111	BEL	Bell / alert (\a)	^G		%07
8	08	010	00001000	BS	Backspace (\b)	^H		%08
9	09	011	00001001	HT	Horizontal tab (\t)	^I		%09
10	0A	012	00001010	LF	Line feed, newline (\n)	^J		%0A
11	0B	013	00001011	VT	Vertical tab (\v)	^K		%0B
12	0C	014	00001100	FF	Form feed (\f)	^L		%0C
13	0D	015	00001101	CR	Carriage return (\r)	^M		%0D
14	0E	016	00001110	SO	Shift out	^N		%0E
15	0F	017	00001111	SI	Shift in	^O		%0F
16	10	020	00010000	DLE	Data link escape	^P		%10
17	11	021	00010001	DC1	Device control 1 (XON, Ctrl-Q)	^Q		%11
18	12	022	00010010	DC2	Device control 2	^R		%12
19	13	023	00010011	DC3	Device control 3 (XOFF, Ctrl-S)	^S		%13
20	14	024	00010100	DC4	Device control 4	^T		%14
21	15	025	00010101	NAK	Negative acknowledge	^U		%15
22	16	026	00010110	SYN	Synchronous idle	^V		%16
23	17	027	00010111	ETB	End of transmission block	^W		%17
24	18	030	00011000	CAN	Cancel	^X		%18
25	19	031	00011001	EM	End of medium	^Y		%19
26	1A	032	00011010	SUB	Substitute (Ctrl-Z, EOF on DOS)	^Z		%1A
27	1B	033	00011011	ESC	Escape (\e, starts terminal sequences)	^[		%1B
28	1C	034	00011100	FS	File separator	^\		%1C
29	1D	035	00011101	GS	Group separator	^]		%1D
30	1E	036	00011110	RS	Record separator	^^		%1E
31	1F	037	00011111	US	Unit separator	^_		%1F
32	20	040	00100000		Space			%20
33	21	041	00100001	!	Exclamation mark		!	%21
34	22	042	00100010	"	Double quote		"	%22
35	23	043	00100011	#	Number sign, hash		#	%23
36	24	044	00100100	$	Dollar		$	%24
37	25	045	00100101	%	Percent		%	%25
38	26	046	00100110	&	Ampersand		&	%26
39	27	047	00100111	'	Apostrophe, single quote		'	%27
40	28	050	00101000	(	Left parenthesis		(	%28
41	29	051	00101001	)	Right parenthesis		)	%29
42	2A	052	00101010	*	Asterisk		*	%2A
43	2B	053	00101011	+	Plus		+	%2B
44	2C	054	00101100	,	Comma		,	%2C
45	2D	055	00101101	-	Hyphen-minus		-	%2D
46	2E	056	00101110	.	Full stop, period		.	%2E
47	2F	057	00101111	/	Slash		/	%2F
48	30	060	00110000	0	Digit 0		0	%30
49	31	061	00110001	1	Digit 1		1	%31
50	32	062	00110010	2	Digit 2		2	%32
51	33	063	00110011	3	Digit 3		3	%33
52	34	064	00110100	4	Digit 4		4	%34
53	35	065	00110101	5	Digit 5		5	%35
54	36	066	00110110	6	Digit 6		6	%36
55	37	067	00110111	7	Digit 7		7	%37
56	38	070	00111000	8	Digit 8		8	%38
57	39	071	00111001	9	Digit 9		9	%39
58	3A	072	00111010	:	Colon		:	%3A
59	3B	073	00111011	;	Semicolon		;	%3B
60	3C	074	00111100	<	Less-than		<	%3C
61	3D	075	00111101	=	Equals		=	%3D
62	3E	076	00111110	>	Greater-than		>	%3E
63	3F	077	00111111	?	Question mark		?	%3F
64	40	100	01000000	@	At sign		@	%40
65	41	101	01000001	A	Capital A		A	%41
66	42	102	01000010	B	Capital B		B	%42
67	43	103	01000011	C	Capital C		C	%43
68	44	104	01000100	D	Capital D		D	%44
69	45	105	01000101	E	Capital E		E	%45
70	46	106	01000110	F	Capital F		F	%46
71	47	107	01000111	G	Capital G		G	%47
72	48	110	01001000	H	Capital H		H	%48
73	49	111	01001001	I	Capital I		I	%49
74	4A	112	01001010	J	Capital J		J	%4A
75	4B	113	01001011	K	Capital K		K	%4B
76	4C	114	01001100	L	Capital L		L	%4C
77	4D	115	01001101	M	Capital M		M	%4D
78	4E	116	01001110	N	Capital N		N	%4E
79	4F	117	01001111	O	Capital O		O	%4F
80	50	120	01010000	P	Capital P		P	%50
81	51	121	01010001	Q	Capital Q		Q	%51
82	52	122	01010010	R	Capital R		R	%52
83	53	123	01010011	S	Capital S		S	%53
84	54	124	01010100	T	Capital T		T	%54
85	55	125	01010101	U	Capital U		U	%55
86	56	126	01010110	V	Capital V		V	%56
87	57	127	01010111	W	Capital W		W	%57
88	58	130	01011000	X	Capital X		X	%58
89	59	131	01011001	Y	Capital Y		Y	%59
90	5A	132	01011010	Z	Capital Z		Z	%5A
91	5B	133	01011011	[	Left square bracket		[	%5B
92	5C	134	01011100	\	Backslash		\	%5C
93	5D	135	01011101	]	Right square bracket		]	%5D
94	5E	136	01011110	^	Caret, circumflex		^	%5E
95	5F	137	01011111	_	Underscore		_	%5F
96	60	140	01100000	`	Grave accent, backtick		`	%60
97	61	141	01100001	a	Small a		a	%61
98	62	142	01100010	b	Small b		b	%62
99	63	143	01100011	c	Small c		c	%63
100	64	144	01100100	d	Small d		d	%64
101	65	145	01100101	e	Small e		e	%65
102	66	146	01100110	f	Small f		f	%66
103	67	147	01100111	g	Small g		g	%67
104	68	150	01101000	h	Small h		h	%68
105	69	151	01101001	i	Small i		i	%69
106	6A	152	01101010	j	Small j		j	%6A
107	6B	153	01101011	k	Small k		k	%6B
108	6C	154	01101100	l	Small l		l	%6C
109	6D	155	01101101	m	Small m		m	%6D
110	6E	156	01101110	n	Small n		n	%6E
111	6F	157	01101111	o	Small o		o	%6F
112	70	160	01110000	p	Small p		p	%70
113	71	161	01110001	q	Small q		q	%71
114	72	162	01110010	r	Small r		r	%72
115	73	163	01110011	s	Small s		s	%73
116	74	164	01110100	t	Small t		t	%74
117	75	165	01110101	u	Small u		u	%75
118	76	166	01110110	v	Small v		v	%76
119	77	167	01110111	w	Small w		w	%77
120	78	170	01111000	x	Small x		x	%78
121	79	171	01111001	y	Small y		y	%79
122	7A	172	01111010	z	Small z		z	%7A
123	7B	173	01111011	{	Left curly brace		{	%7B
124	7C	174	01111100	\|	Vertical bar, pipe		\|	%7C
125	7D	175	01111101	}	Right curly brace		}	%7D
126	7E	176	01111110	~	Tilde		~	%7E
127	7F	177	01111111	DEL	Delete (DEL)	^?		%7F

The structure of ASCII

ASCII (1963, revised 1967) is a 7-bit code: 128 values, of which 33 are control characters and 95 are printable. Its layout was designed for mechanical teleprinters and bit-twiddling hardware, and the design still shows:

Case is one bit. A is 0x41, a is 0x61: they differ only in bit 5 (value 32). c | 0x20 lower-cases a letter, c & ~0x20 upper-cases it, and c ^ 0x20 toggles.
Digits are their value plus 48. '7' - '0' is 7, and the low nibble of a digit's code is the digit itself (0x37 → 7).
Ctrl clears two bits. Ctrl-C sends 0x03 because C is 0x43 and the terminal clears bits 6 and 5 (c & 0x1F). That is why Ctrl-D is EOT (4), Ctrl-H is backspace (8), Ctrl-I is tab (9), Ctrl-M is carriage return (13), Ctrl-[ is Escape (27) and Ctrl-@ is NUL.
DEL is 127, all seven bits set, because punching every hole in a paper tape was how you deleted a character.

Beyond 127

There is no “extended ASCII”. Bytes 128–255 meant different characters in every code page (Latin-1, Windows-1252, CP437, KOI8-R, ISO-8859-2 for Serbian Latin), which is the source of mojibake like “Ã©” for “é”. Unicode replaced all of them; UTF-8 keeps bytes 0–127 identical to ASCII and uses 2–4 bytes above that. The Unicode inspector shows those bytes.

Line endings

Unix ends lines with LF (10); Windows with CR LF (13 10); classic Mac OS used CR alone. Teleprinters needed both: carriage return to move the head back, line feed to advance the paper. \r\n in a shell script's shebang line is still the most common cause of “bad interpreter” errors.

Questions

What is the ASCII code for A?

65 in decimal, 0x41 in hex, 0101 in octal, 01000001 in binary. Lower-case a is 97 (0x61).

What is ASCII 10 and 13?

10 is LF (line feed, \n) and 13 is CR (carriage return, \r). Unix uses LF alone; Windows uses CR LF.

Why does Ctrl-C send 3?

Terminals clear the two high bits of the letter’s code: C is 0x43 = 0100 0011, and 0x43 & 0x1F = 3 (ETX, end of text). The shell maps ETX to SIGINT.

Is 0xFF or 255 ASCII?

No. ASCII ends at 127. 128–255 depend on the code page, and in UTF-8 those byte values only occur as parts of multi-byte characters.

The structure of ASCII

Beyond 127

Line endings

Questions

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